Cloud-based database series: SQL in the cloud

SQL Server databases are one of the most popular and widely used relational databases in the business world. Its use varies from critical line-of-business (LOB) applications to data storage. Some of the most popular SQL databases are MSSQL, MySQL and PostgreSQL.

In the first entry of this series, we present some of the challenges to running a database in the cloud. In this publication, we'll look at some of the key parameters to consider when running SQL in the cloud, and how NetApp Cloud Volumes ONTAP can ensure you get the most out of your SQL implementation. The next publication in this series will address the Oracle database in the cloud.

SQL: Relational Challenges
The structured query language (or SQL) is the basis for the development and management of relational database management systems (RDBMS). SQL or RDBMS databases can handle complex business requirements because of their advanced analytic queries and by allowing users to write mission-critical procedure codes to handle complex business functions. As such, SQL databases are the core of any company for storing and managing business-critical data. In this section, we'll explore the different challenges facing the use of SQL in the cloud.

Implementation model, licenses and cost reduction
Using SQL in the cloud means one of two options: running an instance of DBaaS or SQL using public cloud resources.

A DBaaS (database as a service) is a PaaS (platform as a service) model in which the cloud provider manages the database and offers the service in a multi-tenancy model. This model ensures that users can focus on important tasks such as the application development lifecycle rather than worrying about repetitive administrative tasks such as scaling, patch management, provisioning, and monitoring. Amazon RDS for SQL and the Azure SQL Database are two very good examples of this model. Another major advantage of this model is that license fees are integrated into the offer, so you do not have to buy or manage SQL licenses separately. However, the DBaaS model has disadvantages. For example, Amazon RDS for Microsoft SQL Server has limitations, such as a maximum storage size of 16 TiB, a maximum of 30 databases for each instance of the database, and no support for running SSRS.

If you want to have full control over your SQL database and avoid limitations such as master database naming, SQL editing, user rights, and database size, deploy your own instance of SQL DB into Os IaaS blocks would be the right model for you. This type of cloud-based database implementation offers the same control and feel of a local deployment but at the scale and convenience of the public cloud. In this model, you pay for what you use and when you use it. That said, you can also use your own licenses in the BYOL model to allow for great cost benefits. For example, using Microsoft SQL volume licenses with Software Assurance on Azure virtual machines offers savings of nearly 30 percent, and also offers a free, passive, and secondary replica of high availability. In addition, you can save more money by turning off virtual machines that host SQL instances if your workloads are not running continuously. Another great feature is the use of reserved instances provided by AWS and Azure where a billing credit against your managed SQL instances can eliminate approximately 69% and 33%, respectively, of your monthly bill. You can save more on Azure up to 30% using the hybrid SQL benefit.

Scalability
SQL databases consume many features and may need an exponential scale. In a traditional local environment, this amounts to more hardware and storage of computers, which, in turn, translates into more OPEX and underutilized resources. The vast infrastructure of the public cloud ensures that it can automatically expand and reduce resources without significantly increasing spending. To make this easier, public cloud providers offer automatic scaling technologies that can be used to scale resources horizontally or vertically.

Azure, for example, provides automatic sizing technologies in Elastic Pools and Database Sharding through Elastic Tools. This allows you to allocate a shared pool of resources to multiple database instances and expand or expand features as demand increases. AWS also allows the vertical and horizontal scaling of RDS instances through the use of scaling computation of pulse count, larger arm azenamento and addition of reading replicas.

Availability of SLA-based backup and disaster recovery Cloud volumes ONTAP and SQL databases High availability and disaster recovery are empirical for business continuity. Public cloud providers, such as Azure and AWS, have cloud capabilities in multiple geographically dispersed regions around the world. Each region can house one or more availability zones (AZ), which are isolated physical locations with power, cooling and independent networks. This allows users to replicate instances of the SQL database in different zones or availability regions to protect against faults or natural disasters.

In addition to providing a 99.99% SLA and zero RPO, Azure offers single zone or multi-zone redundancy in its Premium Level Database, which uses quorum sets and Always On technology. SQL data to be more robust even for the most catastrophic interruptions in the data center. Amazon RDS also provides Multi-AZ deployments, utilizing Amazon failover technologies for PostgreSQL, MySQL, and SQL mirroring technologies for Microsoft SQL Server. This ensures that during a catastrophic outage, database workloads can be transmitted to replicas in as little as 60 to 120 seconds. Data Protection, Backup, and Recovery: How to back up SQL databases.

There are several options for automatically backing up the SQL database. One of the main advantages of the DBaaS model is the built-in feature for automated backups of SQL databases based on a schedule and retention period. Cloud-based databases can rely on consistent snapshots with the application to form an up-to-date and reliable backup. Amazon RDS does not charge additional fees for up to 100% backup storage for all database instances in that region. Automated backup can be scheduled and the retention period can be specified between 1 and 35 days. Amazon RDS creates a snapshot of the storage volume of the database instance and provides the provision to store the backup data in a different region for DR purposes. Azure SQL makes automated backups and stores them in geo-redundant storage at no additional cost. The retention period is based on the service level and the schedule can be modified to suit the recovery objectives. Other ways to get a SQL cloud backup for a cloud-based SQL database would be to use native SQL backup and create snapshots of the underlying storage. It is also important to make sure that the backup is consistent with the application, especially when the database instance is stored on instances of IaaS. Database Migration and Data Synchronization Another important consideration when moving your databases to the public cloud would be the ease of migrating from the database to the cloud storage with the help of cloud provider tools. . Azure and AWS offer specialized database migration tools, such as the AWS Database Migration Service and, for database migration to Azure, the Azure Database Migration Service, which provides automated migrations with minimum downtime. Native backup and restore options, such as exporting a .bak file and using SQL replication technologies, can also be used for the SQL database migration process. Using Cloud Volumes ONTAP for SQL Cloud Databases NetApp Cloud Volumes ONTAP is the enterprise-class solution for managing the cloud database, bridging the gap between cloud and cloud-based SQL database resources . resources of the public cloud in which it runs.

Cloud Volumes ONTAP provides users with capabilities to address all the challenges of SQL databases in the cloud, including ensuring business continuity with zero RPO, 60-second RTO recovery and recovery processes, and high availability RTOs, data protection with cost-effective, consistent and application-aware snapshots, easy and secure data replication, migration and synchronization with SnapMirror® data replication, hybrid and multicloud support, and full integration with RESTful API calls. FlexClone® data cloning technology allows you to create zero-capacity database clones that you can create with time zero to accelerate the development / test processes and only for the cost of the modified data. You also get automation, monitoring, and scheduling controls on the Cloud Volume ONTAP. Cloud Manager With Cloud Volumes ONTAP, which is based on Azure storage or AWS storage, you get full control over how to provision storage.

The main benefit is cost savings on storage efficiency, such as organizing data levels between object and block storage, deduplication and data compression, and lightweight provisioning of your allocated storage. Combined, these features can reduce the storage costs of your databases by up to 70%. Final Word In this SQL entry in our series of cloud-based databases, we have seen that although the DBaaS model for using SQL in the cloud can result in significant cost savings, it is important to consider the constraints before jumping NetApp Cloud Volumes guarantees that you can have a reliable and highly available SQL solution with a very low TCO. In the next part of the series, let's take a look at Oracle.

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